工業(yè)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)總線技術(shù)是近年來自動(dòng)化行業(yè)最為關(guān)注的技術(shù)之一，給自動(dòng)化控制技術(shù)帶來了很大的進(jìn)步。傳統(tǒng)的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)級(jí)控制系統(tǒng)系統(tǒng)不開放、可集成性差、而且可靠性不易保證。現(xiàn)場(chǎng)總線控制系統(tǒng)(Fieldbus Control System，F(xiàn)CS)使用一條通信電纜將現(xiàn)場(chǎng)設(shè)備(智能化、帶有通信接口)連接，用數(shù)字化通信代替4-20mA/24VDC信號(hào)，完成現(xiàn)場(chǎng)設(shè)備控制、監(jiān)測(cè)、遠(yuǎn)程參數(shù)化等功能。它具有很多優(yōu)點(diǎn)，在工業(yè)自動(dòng)化領(lǐng)域有明顯的優(yōu)勢(shì)，如集成性高、組態(tài)簡(jiǎn)單、設(shè)計(jì)安裝方便、易于維護(hù)和擴(kuò)展、可以節(jié)約軟硬件投資等，使先進(jìn)的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)設(shè)備管理功能得以實(shí)現(xiàn)。現(xiàn)場(chǎng)總線已廣泛應(yīng)用于各個(gè)領(lǐng)域，如電力監(jiān)控、能源管理等。

廈門岳航計(jì)算機(jī)工程有限公司

聯(lián)系人：李素云

企業(yè)QQ：2851195446，2851195466

手機(jī)：18965423501

座機(jī)：0592-5165501

武鋼煉鐵廠從2003年六號(hào)高爐新建工程開始嘗試使用現(xiàn)場(chǎng)總線，這也是全國(guó)首例在高爐系統(tǒng)中采用總線。在六號(hào)高爐剛投產(chǎn)之初，一場(chǎng)意外導(dǎo)致主控樓失火，將爐頂布料和熱風(fēng)爐系統(tǒng)幾乎所有電氣線路燒壞，按照傳統(tǒng)的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)級(jí)控制方式起碼要半個(gè)月的恢復(fù)時(shí)間，但因?yàn)槭褂昧爽F(xiàn)場(chǎng)總線，電纜數(shù)量很少，我們僅用了三天時(shí)間就恢復(fù)了生產(chǎn)，使高爐提前十幾天恢復(fù)生產(chǎn)，突出顯示了高爐現(xiàn)場(chǎng)總線控制系統(tǒng)在維護(hù)和搶修方面相對(duì)于傳統(tǒng)的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)控制方式的強(qiáng)大優(yōu)勢(shì)。現(xiàn)場(chǎng)總線技術(shù)在武鋼煉鐵廠的應(yīng)用，使得高爐的電氣設(shè)備在控制和穩(wěn)定性上得到了很大提高，目前已經(jīng)在其它各高爐得到推廣，在煉鐵廠取得了良好的效果。

二 傳統(tǒng)的高爐自動(dòng)化控制系統(tǒng)的現(xiàn)狀及不足

高爐系統(tǒng)主要由爐頂上料系統(tǒng)、槽上和槽下供料系統(tǒng)、卷?yè)P(yáng)系統(tǒng)、噴煤系統(tǒng)、熱風(fēng)爐系統(tǒng)、爐前出鐵場(chǎng)系統(tǒng)和INBA渣處理系統(tǒng)等構(gòu)成，生產(chǎn)工藝復(fù)雜，分散點(diǎn)多，環(huán)境條件特殊，對(duì)電氣設(shè)備的要求非常高，這就造成了電氣自動(dòng)化系統(tǒng)非常龐雜，故障率高，維護(hù)量大。

目前我國(guó)高爐所采用的控制基本上是傳統(tǒng)的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)控制方式。傳統(tǒng)的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)級(jí)與車間級(jí)自動(dòng)化監(jiān)控及信息集成系統(tǒng)(包括：基于PC、PLC、DCS產(chǎn)品的分布式控制系統(tǒng))，其主要特點(diǎn)之一是，現(xiàn)場(chǎng)層設(shè)備與控制器之間的連接是一對(duì)一(一個(gè)I/O點(diǎn)對(duì)設(shè)備的一個(gè)測(cè)控點(diǎn))所謂I/O接線方式，信號(hào)傳遞4-20mA(傳送模擬量信息)或24VDC(傳送開關(guān)量信息)信號(hào)。如圖1所示：

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