AC/DC變換是將交流變換為直流,其功率流向可以是雙向的,功率流由電源流向負(fù)載的稱為整流,功率
流由負(fù)載返回電源的稱為有源逆變。ACDC變換器輸入為50/60Hz的交流電,因必須經(jīng)整流、濾波,因
此體積相對(duì)較大的濾波電容器是必不可少的,同時(shí)因遇到安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(如U、CCEE等)及EMC指令的限制(如
IEC、FCC、CSA),交流輸入側(cè)必須加EMC濾波及使用符合安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的元件,這樣就限制ACDC電源體積
的小型化,另外,由于內(nèi)部的高頻、高壓、大電流開關(guān)動(dòng)作,使得解決EMC電磁兼容問題難度加大,也就對(duì)
內(nèi)部高密度安裝電路設(shè)計(jì)提出了很高的要求,由于同樣的原因,高電壓、大電流開關(guān)使得電源工作損耗增大
限制了Aα/DC變換器模塊化的進(jìn)程,因此必須釆用電源系統(tǒng)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)方法才能使其工作效率達(dá)到定的滿意
AC/DC變換按電路的接線方式可分為,半波電路、全波電路。按電源相數(shù)可分為,單相、三相、多相。按電
路工作象限又可分為一象限、二象限、三象限、四象限
開關(guān)電源的選用
開關(guān)電源在輸入抗干擾上,由于其自身電路結(jié)構(gòu)的特點(diǎn)(多級(jí)串聯(lián)
般的輸入干擾如浪涌電壓很難通
過,在輸出電壓穩(wěn)定度這一技術(shù)指標(biāo)上與線電源相比具有較大的優(yōu)勢(shì),其輸出電壓穩(wěn)定度可達(dá)(0.5
1)‰開關(guān)電源模塊作為種電力電子集成器件,在選用中應(yīng)注意以下幾
電流選擇編輯
因開關(guān)電源工作效率高,一般可達(dá)到80%以上,故在其輸出電流的選擇上,應(yīng)準(zhǔn)確測(cè)量或計(jì)算用電設(shè)備的最
大吸收電流,以使被選用的開關(guān)電源具有高的價(jià)格比,通常輸出計(jì)算公式為

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